Process of fixed bed catalytic cracking
Category: Electrical Articles
2 Jun 18
- Heavy oil is heated in preheated to a temperature of about 425-4500C. the resulting vapours oil is charge is then forced through the catalytic chamber.
- The catalytic chamber is maintained at a temperature of 425-4500C and 1-5 kg/cm2 pressure. Artificial clay mixed with zirconium oxide is used as a catalyst.
- About 40% of the charge is converted to gasoline and 2-4 is deposited over the catalyst bed as carbon.
- The vapours containing heavy oil as well as cracked gasoline pass into the fractionating column where heavy oil condenses.
- The uncondensed vapour containing the cracked fraction is led to the coolers where some of the vapour condense to form uncondensed gases dissolved in gasoline.
- Gasoline containing dissolved gases is then sent through stabilizer where dissolved gases are removed and pure gasoline is obtained.
- After 8-10 hours of operation, the catalyst gets deactivated and has to be reactivated the catalyst tower is heated to about 5000C whereby the carbon deposited burns reactivating the catalyst.
- The process can be converted to a continues one by having catalyst towers. While the first tower in operation the second tower is being regenerated and vice-versa.
