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What are copper losses by conductor
Copper losses can be minimized by the use of greater diameter of the conductor wire and winding material with better resistivity. Casually choosing the thickness, increases eddy currents. In this regard, sectionalisation is preferred in order to
Metal halide lamps
Light in metal halide lamps is generated by an electric arc through a gaseous combination of mercury vapours and mixtures of metal components metal halides. These additional metal halides in discharge tube emit their own spectra. This
Compare positive feedback and negative feedback
The parameter of comparison Positive feedback Negative feedback The overall phase shift 0 or 3600 1800 Feedback signal and the input signal. In phase. Out of phase. Input voltage. Increase due to feedback. Decrease due to feedback.
What is transposition
Transposition of conductors is meant that the exchanging of the position of the power conductor at regular intervals along the line so that each conductor occupies the position of every other conductor over equal distance. Transposition took
Eight major equipment in the substation
Equipment used in substation Bus bar: bus bar is a very important component of the substation because it is the common conductor for incoming and outgaining lines. Hence any fault taking place on the bus bar will
Classification of amplifiers according
Voltage amplifier: it is the amplified where only the signal voltage is amplified i.e. input and outputs are in terms of voltage only. Current amplifier: it is an amplifier where only signal currents are amplified. I.e. input
Methods of coupling
Resistance-capacitance (RC) coupling It is also known as capacitive coupling amplifier using this coupling are known as RC coupled amplifier the function RC coupling network is two-fold: To pass a signal from one to next To block
Necessity of coupling
Whenever large amplifier with very good impedance matching is required, a signal stage amplifier circuit will not able to amplify the signal to a large extent. Thus, a number of stages are required for amplification, for this
What is an indicator?
An indicator is a substance that undergoes a change when the endpoint of a titration is reached E.g.: acid indicators are used to single the end of acid-base titration. Indicators are organic weak acids or bases with
Application of astable multivibrator
The astable multivibrator is used as the wave generator. It is used as voltage-frequency converter. It is used in pulse synchronization. Since it produces square waves, it is a source of production of a harmonic frequency of