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Process of fixed bed catalytic cracking
Heavy oil is heated in preheated to a temperature of about 425-4500C. the resulting vapours oil is charge is then forced through the catalytic chamber. The catalytic chamber is maintained at a temperature of 425-4500C and 1-5
What is fluid bed catalytic cracking
Solid catalyst is very finely powdered (fluidized) so that it behaves almost like a fluid and can be circulated in the gas stream. Vapours of heavy and fluidized catalyst are forced into the reactor where cracking occurs.
What are the objectives of cracking?
Cracking is defined as a process where hydrocarbons having higher molecular weight and boiling points are converted to hydrocarbons having lower molecular weight and boiling points. The objectives of cracking are as follows Petrol obtained by this
What is blending of gasoline?
Blending is a process of mixing gasoline or petrol with cracked and reformed gasoline, alcohols, benzene etc to increase its octane number and anti-knocking characterize. Diesel oils are not blended. The reason-knocking tendency of cracked gasoline is
Explain knocking in diesel engine and catane number
In a diesel engine, if the combustion rate of air diesel mixture initiated due to compression of air becomes very slow then a large amount of fuel collected in the cylinder. This accumulated fuel burns violently and
Hydel power
Hydroelectricity / hydel power is electricity generated by the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most common form of renewable energy. Almost more than 15% of global electricity is generated through hydel power.
Advantages and disadvantages geothermal energy
Advantages of geothermal energy The cost of the land build a geothermal power plant is usually less expensive. The plant occupies less space. No fuel is used for power, rate the power, reducing the running costs for
Octane number
Knocking tendency of petrol in a petrol engine is expressed by its octane number. The combustion characteristics of iso-octane i.e. 2, 2,4- Timothy pentane (C8H18) is very good. It has very little tendency to detonate when mixed
What is cetane number?
Knocking tendency of diesel in a diesel engine is expressed by its cetane number. The compression so it produces less knocking. Hence its cetane number is taken as 100. On the other hand, ∝-methylnaphthalene, an aromatic hydrocarbon
What is knocking?
The air-fuel mixture burns moderately and uniforms at a rate in the cylinder of internal combustion (IC) engine. The metallic or rattling sound in the cylinder of internal combustion engine due to explosive violent combustion of the